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壓力容器常見失效模式
一大類:短期失效模式(Short term failure modes):
1) 脆性斷裂(Brittle fracture)2) 韌性斷裂(Ductile rupture)3)超量變形引起的接頭泄漏(Leakage at joints due to excessive deformations)4) 超量局部應(yīng)變引起的裂紋形成或韌性撕裂(Crack formation or ductile tearing dueto excessive local strains)5) 彈性、 塑性或彈塑性失穩(wěn)(垮塌)(Instability-elastic,plastic or elastic-plastic)第二大類:長期失效模式(Long term failure modes)
6) 蠕變斷裂(Creep Rupture)7)蝴變一在機(jī)械連接處的超量變形或?qū)е虏辉试S的載荷傳遞(Creep-excessive deformations at mechanical joints or resulting in unacccptable transfer of load)8) 蠕變失穩(wěn)(Creep instability)9) 沖蝕、腐蝕(Erosion,corrosion)10)環(huán)境助長開裂如:應(yīng)力腐蝕開裂、氫致開裂(Environmentally assisted cracking e.g. stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen induced cracking, etc)第三大類:循環(huán)失效模式(Cyclic failure modes):
11)擴(kuò)展性塑性變形 Progressive plastic deformation12)交替塑性 Alternating plasticity13)彈性應(yīng)變疲勞(中周和高周疲勞)或彈一塑性應(yīng)變疲勞(低周疲勞)Fatigue under elastic strains (medium and high cycle fatigue) or under elastic-plastic strains (low cycle fatigue)14) 環(huán)境助長疲勞Environmentally assisted fatigue



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